SEO Foundation

Keyword Research:
Finding What People Search For

Keyword research is the foundation of SEO strategy. Target the wrong keywords and everything else—content, links, optimization—is wasted effort.

What is Keyword Research?

Keyword research is the process of discovering what words and phrases people type into search engines when looking for information, products, or services related to your business.

The goal isn't just finding popular keywords—it's finding the right keywords: ones your target customers use, that you can realistically rank for, and that align with your business goals.

Understanding Keywords

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Search Volume

How many people search for a keyword monthly

Higher volume means more potential traffic—but also usually more competition. A keyword with 10,000 monthly searches might sound great, but if you can't rank for it, zero of those searches will reach you.

Volume ranges:
High: 1,000+
Broad terms
Medium: 100-1,000
Sweet spot
Low: 10-100
Long-tail
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Keyword Difficulty (KD)

How hard it is to rank for a keyword

Most SEO tools score difficulty from 0-100. Higher = harder to rank. Consider your site's current authority when choosing targets.

Difficulty guide:
  • 0-20: Easy - new sites can target these
  • 21-50: Medium - established sites can compete
  • 51-70: Hard - requires strong authority
  • 71-100: Very hard - usually dominated by major players
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Search Intent

What users actually want when searching

Understanding intent is crucial. A page that doesn't match what users want won't rank, no matter how well optimized. Google has gotten very good at determining intent.

Informational "What is SEO?"
User wants to learn
Commercial "Best SEO tools"
User is researching options
Transactional "SEO services Singapore"
User ready to buy
Navigational "Alphis login"
User looking for specific site
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Long-Tail vs Short-Tail Keywords

Specific vs. broad search terms

Short-Tail

1-2 words, high volume, high competition

"SEO"
"digital marketing"

Long-Tail

3+ words, lower volume, lower competition, higher conversion

"SEO services for clinics Singapore"
"how much does SEO cost"

Pro tip: Long-tail keywords often have clearer intent and convert better. They're also easier to rank for—making them ideal starting points.

How to Do Keyword Research

1

Start with Seed Keywords

Begin with basic terms related to your business. What do you offer? How would you describe it?

Example seeds for an SEO agency:
  • SEO services
  • SEO agency
  • Digital marketing
  • Search engine optimization
2

Expand with Tools

Use keyword research tools to find related terms, variations, and questions people ask.

Popular tools:
  • Google Keyword Planner (free)
  • Ahrefs / SEMrush / Moz (paid)
  • Ubersuggest (freemium)
  • Google Search Console (your current keywords)
  • Google's "People also ask" and "Related searches"
3

Analyze the Competition

Look at who's ranking for your target keywords. Can you compete? What are they doing well?

Check for each keyword:
  • What type of content ranks? (articles, product pages, listicles)
  • Who's ranking? (big brands or smaller sites)
  • How strong are the top results? (domain authority, content depth)
  • Can you create something better or different?
4

Prioritize and Map Keywords

Not all keywords are equal. Prioritize based on business value, difficulty, and opportunity. Then assign keywords to specific pages.

Prioritization framework:
  • High priority: High intent + medium difficulty + good volume
  • Medium priority: Informational keywords that build authority
  • Long-term: High-value, high-competition targets

Common Keyword Research Mistakes

Ignoring Search Intent

A keyword might have volume, but if your page doesn't match what users want, you won't rank. Always check what currently ranks to understand intent.

Chasing Volume Only

High-volume keywords are tempting but often unrealistic for new or smaller sites. A keyword with 100 searches that you rank for beats one with 10,000 that you don't.

Targeting One Page for Many Keywords

Each page should have a focused topic. Trying to rank one page for unrelated keywords dilutes relevance. Better to have multiple focused pages.

Forgetting Local Modifiers

For local businesses, "SEO services" is harder than "SEO services Singapore." Location-specific keywords are often less competitive and more relevant.

Not Updating Research

Search behavior changes. New keywords emerge; old ones fade. Review your keyword strategy at least quarterly.

Need Help with Keyword Research?

Finding the right keywords requires tools, data, and experience. We can identify the best opportunities for your business.

Get Keyword Analysis Back to SEO Guide Hub

Related Guides

On-Page SEO Guide

Use keywords effectively on your pages

What is SEO?

Start with the basics

Local SEO

Location-specific keyword strategies

SEO Guide Hub

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